江西省第十一届翻译赛试题

I. 英译汉（50分）

（1）Mrs. Armadale（阿玛代尔）began by informing the rector（教区长）that she was a widow. Her husband had perished by shipwreck a short time after their union, on the voyage from Madeira（马德拉群岛）to Lisbon. She had been brought to England, after her affliction, under her father's protection; and her child — a posthumous son — had been born on the family estate in Norfolk（诺福克郡）. Her father's death, shortly afterward, had deprived her of her only surviving parent, and had exposed her to neglect and misconstruction on the part of her remaining relatives (two brothers), which had estranged her from them, she feared, for the rest of her days. For some time past she had lived in the neighboring county of Devonshire, devoting herself to the education of her boy, who had now reached an age at which he required other than his mother's teaching. Leaving out of the question her own unwillingness to part with him, in her solitary position, she was especially anxious that he should not be thrown among strangers by being sent to school. Her darling project was to bring him up privately at home, and to keep him, as he advanced in years, from all contact with the temptations and the dangers of the world.

（2）With these objects in view, her longer sojourn（逗留，居住）in her own locality (where the services of the resident clergyman, in the capacity of tutor, were not obtainable) must come to an end. She had made inquiries, had heard of a house that would suit her in Mr. Brock's neighborhood, and had also been told that Mr. Brock（布罗克） himself had formerly been in the habit of taking pupils. Possessed of this information, she had ventured to present herself, with references that vouched for（证明） her respectability, but without a formal introduction; and she had now to ask whether (in the event of her residing in the neighborhood) any terms that could be offered would induce Mr. Brock to open his doors once more to a pupil, and to allow that pupil to be her son.

（3）If Mrs. Armadale had been a woman of no personal attractions, or if Mr. Brock had been provided with an intrenchment（防御工事）to fight behind in the shape of a wife, it is probable that the widow's journey might have been taken in vain. As things really were, the rector examined the references which were offered to him, and asked time for consideration. When the time had expired, he did what Mrs. Armadale wished him to do — he offered his back to the burden, and let the mother load him with the responsibility of the son.

II. 汉译英（50分）

中国贸易

(1)随着中国经济最近几年的迅猛发展，中国的外贸在外贸政策、开放政策和外贸体制几个方面，开始实行许多符合实际的、灵活的新措施。

(2)首先，中国的外贸政策是和中国国内经济改革的进程相结合的。进口政策的直接目的是获得资本，以便发展中国经济急需的现代技术。由于引进国外资金、技术和管理能力，出口能力正在增强。按照对外经济贸易部公布的数字，中国进出口总值正在持续增加。

(3)其次，迅速发展的中国经济要求中国实行“开放政策”，这一政策的关键是开放中国以利引进国外技术和投资，为达到这一目的，中国在1979年建立了“特别经济区”，为吸引外国资本和技术，特区享受着特殊的优惠政策。已经有了四个这样的特区，三个在广东，一个在福建。

(4)第三，中国的外贸结构在最近几年已经发生了历史性的变化，虽然外贸工作仍由外贸部主管，由外贸公司执行，但中国的各工业部门、各省及地方企业在外贸中已获得了更多的自主权。许多部门建立了自己的进出口公司。这些进出口公司有和外国公司进行技术和商务谈判的权力。工业公司自负盈亏，一些工厂也能与外国公司进行更多的交往，可以直接谈判签订合同。